Criteria
In order to resolve the issue of the Korea peninsula, a number of steps must be proposed:
1. Denuclearise North Korea with diplomacy
2. Settle the land dispute between the Koreas and resolve the political tensions
3. Grant defectors refugee status whilst increasing quality of life
The stakeholders within the Korean peninsula, and stakeholders equipped to deal with the issues are;
1. Governments such as South Korea, North Korea, USA, China
2. NGO's such as Amnesty International
3. Citizens within each country ie South Korea and North Korea
Goal 1: Denuclearise North Korea with diplomacy
The first goal in the steps of resolving the issue is to denuclearise North Korea with diplomacy.
Governments have been moderately effective in this regard, with each government attempting to denuclearise North Korea through the Six Party Talks. However, these talks are currently ineffective because of the fact that North Korea still has nuclear arms, under the vise of nuclear energy. Furthemore, the Six Party talks are constantly stalled due to North Korea's insistence of receiving aid and help in order to denuclearise the state, however following continuous aid, North Korea consistently launches missiles and tests its nuclear arms, earlier this year declaring war.
NGO's have been ineffective as the actions of NGO's couldn't impact the government's decisions, as well as the denuclearisation of the state not related to the aims of humanitarian groups.
Citizens have alos been ineffective in the denuclearisation of the state, however the strongly worded opinions of the citizens of South Korea may have an influence over the government, along with the public perception that South Koreans have of North Korea.
In terms of the denuclearisation of North Korea, the government are best equipped to deal with the issue of the Korean peninsula, that being the denuclearisation of state. The recent actions of the government have prompted belief that there may be negotiations to settle the issue of the peninsula. The UN are also able to intervene in this regard, as they can place sanctions and embargoes on North Korea, limiting the scope of action that the country can embark on. However, the government are best equipped, as governments such as China and South Korea should instead limit the amount of aid given, dealing with North Korea more autocratically.
Goal 2: Settle the land dispute and resolve political tensions
During talks with one another, the respective governments have not targeted this issue of the land dispute, instead focusing on denuclearisation, of which is currently stalled and flailing. The land dispute stems from the post-Korean war era, in which both countries have been fighting for land to spread their political ideologies. The line between the two countries, known as the "DMZ" is the point of separation between the two countries, with both sides protecting the DMZ with guards and military. The DMZ is a physical means of representing the separation of political ideologies and the division of the Korean peninsula, and the bitterness felt by both parties following the end to the war. The political tensions at this point don't have a current end in sight, with each country reaching a stalemate in terms of agreements, the DMZ being a permanent fix to the issues of the peninsula.
The NGO's have been ineffective in this regard as well, as once again the actions of the NGO's would have little impact on the government's decision making and hence they are relatively ineffective considering the minimal impact they could have if they were to be involved.
Citizens of the country are ineffective, as they themselves are not involved in the land dispute. The citizens are 3rd parties to the conflict, as they have no direct say in the issues involved, despite the fact that they are the people of whom the decisions affect.
The government are best equipped to settle the land dispute as a treaty could be signed to settle the land dispute, rather than leaving the DMZ as a permanent stain on the landscape of the country. Foreign interventions from countries such as China and the USA are necessary for the land dispute to be settled, as the two Koreas are currently making no progress for themselves. China is the best equipped to create a fairer and more accurate border, as it trades with both North and South Korea. Once the land dispute is solved, the tension between the two countries should ease up considerably, with the countries most likely becoming friendlier to one another.
1. Denuclearise North Korea with diplomacy
2. Settle the land dispute between the Koreas and resolve the political tensions
3. Grant defectors refugee status whilst increasing quality of life
The stakeholders within the Korean peninsula, and stakeholders equipped to deal with the issues are;
1. Governments such as South Korea, North Korea, USA, China
2. NGO's such as Amnesty International
3. Citizens within each country ie South Korea and North Korea
Goal 1: Denuclearise North Korea with diplomacy
The first goal in the steps of resolving the issue is to denuclearise North Korea with diplomacy.
Governments have been moderately effective in this regard, with each government attempting to denuclearise North Korea through the Six Party Talks. However, these talks are currently ineffective because of the fact that North Korea still has nuclear arms, under the vise of nuclear energy. Furthemore, the Six Party talks are constantly stalled due to North Korea's insistence of receiving aid and help in order to denuclearise the state, however following continuous aid, North Korea consistently launches missiles and tests its nuclear arms, earlier this year declaring war.
NGO's have been ineffective as the actions of NGO's couldn't impact the government's decisions, as well as the denuclearisation of the state not related to the aims of humanitarian groups.
Citizens have alos been ineffective in the denuclearisation of the state, however the strongly worded opinions of the citizens of South Korea may have an influence over the government, along with the public perception that South Koreans have of North Korea.
In terms of the denuclearisation of North Korea, the government are best equipped to deal with the issue of the Korean peninsula, that being the denuclearisation of state. The recent actions of the government have prompted belief that there may be negotiations to settle the issue of the peninsula. The UN are also able to intervene in this regard, as they can place sanctions and embargoes on North Korea, limiting the scope of action that the country can embark on. However, the government are best equipped, as governments such as China and South Korea should instead limit the amount of aid given, dealing with North Korea more autocratically.
Goal 2: Settle the land dispute and resolve political tensions
During talks with one another, the respective governments have not targeted this issue of the land dispute, instead focusing on denuclearisation, of which is currently stalled and flailing. The land dispute stems from the post-Korean war era, in which both countries have been fighting for land to spread their political ideologies. The line between the two countries, known as the "DMZ" is the point of separation between the two countries, with both sides protecting the DMZ with guards and military. The DMZ is a physical means of representing the separation of political ideologies and the division of the Korean peninsula, and the bitterness felt by both parties following the end to the war. The political tensions at this point don't have a current end in sight, with each country reaching a stalemate in terms of agreements, the DMZ being a permanent fix to the issues of the peninsula.
The NGO's have been ineffective in this regard as well, as once again the actions of the NGO's would have little impact on the government's decision making and hence they are relatively ineffective considering the minimal impact they could have if they were to be involved.
Citizens of the country are ineffective, as they themselves are not involved in the land dispute. The citizens are 3rd parties to the conflict, as they have no direct say in the issues involved, despite the fact that they are the people of whom the decisions affect.
The government are best equipped to settle the land dispute as a treaty could be signed to settle the land dispute, rather than leaving the DMZ as a permanent stain on the landscape of the country. Foreign interventions from countries such as China and the USA are necessary for the land dispute to be settled, as the two Koreas are currently making no progress for themselves. China is the best equipped to create a fairer and more accurate border, as it trades with both North and South Korea. Once the land dispute is solved, the tension between the two countries should ease up considerably, with the countries most likely becoming friendlier to one another.
Figure 6
Source: guardian.co.uk
From the Figure, the DMZ is seen, with the border between the two countries visible in not only the line, but in the differing uniforms of the guards at the border. North Korea's guards have taken a straight stance, committing 8 people to the defence of the border. On the other hand, South Korea has merely one guard at the border, with the guard taking a more relaxed stance. The difference in ideologies is evident in their stances, as the North Korean government mimics their government's autocratic stance, with the South Korean side of the border more relaxed. However, the presence of guards at the border are there for show, with the guards creating a sense of intimidation, as the border is probably watched over by several different people.
Source: guardian.co.uk
From the Figure, the DMZ is seen, with the border between the two countries visible in not only the line, but in the differing uniforms of the guards at the border. North Korea's guards have taken a straight stance, committing 8 people to the defence of the border. On the other hand, South Korea has merely one guard at the border, with the guard taking a more relaxed stance. The difference in ideologies is evident in their stances, as the North Korean government mimics their government's autocratic stance, with the South Korean side of the border more relaxed. However, the presence of guards at the border are there for show, with the guards creating a sense of intimidation, as the border is probably watched over by several different people.
Goal 3: Create better lives for citizens and defectors of North Korea
The governments are currently doing nothing to help the defectors who escape from North Korea. North Korean defectors escape for a better, affluent and more comfortable lifestyle as opposed to the stricken lives that they led in North Korea. China currently treats defectors poorly, subjecting them to illegal refugee status and advising it's citizens to report North Korean refugees to be sent back to North Korea to be tortured and often, killed. China treats defectors as illegal refugees, with the police interrogating supposed North Koreans with China. Until the 1990's, the defectors often reached South Korea, however with increased border control, defectors rarely reach South Korea instead aiming to settle in China, and if they are lucky- USA. The treatment of citizens is horrible within North Korea, as the citizens lead horrendous lives, often saving grass shavings to eat their diets, despite the fact that Kim Jong Un has a net-worth of 5 billion dollars. The bourgeouis class within society are treated well, as long as the upper class, however the working class and poor are subject to poor treatment and little social justice and social security.
NGO's are attempting to improve the lives of the defectors, starting campaigns and lobbying governments to improve the lives of the defectors and citizens. NGO's have condemned China sending North Korean defectors back to North Korea to be treated inhumanely, being subject to torture and death camps similar to that of Stalin's gulags. Furthermore, NGO's are responsible for the improved treatment of these defectors, such as starting awareness campaigns to help defectors settle within South Korea. The lobbying and campaigns of Amnesty International has made the world aware of the prison camps within North Korea, of which they are trying to get closed. This improves the lives of the citizens within the country as well as future and current defectors. Furthermore, the work of NGO's have also rallied the UN to investigate the grave abuses of human rights within North Korea.
Citizens of South Korea treat defectors rather poorly, as they are mistrusting of the cult of the mystery surrounding North Koreans. This is mainly due to the rumours of North Korean spies operating within South Korea, and hence they are obviously mistrusting of the North Koreans. There is no social justice towards North Koreans in South Korea, as the citizens often report suspected North Koreans to police in China.
In terms of improving the lifestyles of citizens and defectors, NGO's are currently doing the most work in order to improve the lives of defectors and citizens, with the NGO's rallying to improve their lives. However, the government are best equipped to deal with the issue. Foreign intervention is necessary for the treatment of defectors, as China is the main issue in the treatment of defectors, considering that they aren't granted refugee status. Furthermore, the UN are able to place trade sanctions and embargoes on North Korea to solve the treatment of defectors. To improve the standard of life, governments must cooperate to create stability for the defectors and citizens. North Korea must solve its issue of dependence on aid to create better quality of lives for its citizens, as the levels of grain production within North Korea have dropped dramatically. The North Korean government could create a more coherent industry, as well as lowering the human rights abuses and removing prison camps and other terror establishments of the communist state.
The governments are currently doing nothing to help the defectors who escape from North Korea. North Korean defectors escape for a better, affluent and more comfortable lifestyle as opposed to the stricken lives that they led in North Korea. China currently treats defectors poorly, subjecting them to illegal refugee status and advising it's citizens to report North Korean refugees to be sent back to North Korea to be tortured and often, killed. China treats defectors as illegal refugees, with the police interrogating supposed North Koreans with China. Until the 1990's, the defectors often reached South Korea, however with increased border control, defectors rarely reach South Korea instead aiming to settle in China, and if they are lucky- USA. The treatment of citizens is horrible within North Korea, as the citizens lead horrendous lives, often saving grass shavings to eat their diets, despite the fact that Kim Jong Un has a net-worth of 5 billion dollars. The bourgeouis class within society are treated well, as long as the upper class, however the working class and poor are subject to poor treatment and little social justice and social security.
NGO's are attempting to improve the lives of the defectors, starting campaigns and lobbying governments to improve the lives of the defectors and citizens. NGO's have condemned China sending North Korean defectors back to North Korea to be treated inhumanely, being subject to torture and death camps similar to that of Stalin's gulags. Furthermore, NGO's are responsible for the improved treatment of these defectors, such as starting awareness campaigns to help defectors settle within South Korea. The lobbying and campaigns of Amnesty International has made the world aware of the prison camps within North Korea, of which they are trying to get closed. This improves the lives of the citizens within the country as well as future and current defectors. Furthermore, the work of NGO's have also rallied the UN to investigate the grave abuses of human rights within North Korea.
Citizens of South Korea treat defectors rather poorly, as they are mistrusting of the cult of the mystery surrounding North Koreans. This is mainly due to the rumours of North Korean spies operating within South Korea, and hence they are obviously mistrusting of the North Koreans. There is no social justice towards North Koreans in South Korea, as the citizens often report suspected North Koreans to police in China.
In terms of improving the lifestyles of citizens and defectors, NGO's are currently doing the most work in order to improve the lives of defectors and citizens, with the NGO's rallying to improve their lives. However, the government are best equipped to deal with the issue. Foreign intervention is necessary for the treatment of defectors, as China is the main issue in the treatment of defectors, considering that they aren't granted refugee status. Furthermore, the UN are able to place trade sanctions and embargoes on North Korea to solve the treatment of defectors. To improve the standard of life, governments must cooperate to create stability for the defectors and citizens. North Korea must solve its issue of dependence on aid to create better quality of lives for its citizens, as the levels of grain production within North Korea have dropped dramatically. The North Korean government could create a more coherent industry, as well as lowering the human rights abuses and removing prison camps and other terror establishments of the communist state.